init

lib/PhpSpreadsheet/Style/NumberFormat/BaseFormatter.php

@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Style\NumberFormat;
+
+use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Shared\StringHelper;
+
+abstract class BaseFormatter
+{
+    protected static function stripQuotes(string $format): string
+    {
+        // Some non-number strings are quoted, so we'll get rid of the quotes, likewise any positional * symbols
+        return str_replace(['"', '*'], '', $format);
+    }
+
+    protected static function adjustSeparators(string $value): string
+    {
+        $thousandsSeparator = StringHelper::getThousandsSeparator();
+        $decimalSeparator = StringHelper::getDecimalSeparator();
+        if ($thousandsSeparator !== ',' || $decimalSeparator !== '.') {
+            $value = str_replace(['.', ',', "\u{fffd}"], ["\u{fffd}", '.', ','], $value);
+        }
+
+        return $value;
+    }
+}

lib/PhpSpreadsheet/Style/NumberFormat/DateFormatter.php

@@ -0,0 +1,211 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Style\NumberFormat;
+
+use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Shared\Date;
+
+class DateFormatter
+{
+    /**
+     * Search/replace values to convert Excel date/time format masks to PHP format masks.
+     */
+    private const DATE_FORMAT_REPLACEMENTS = [
+        // first remove escapes related to non-format characters
+        '\\' => '',
+        //    12-hour suffix
+        'am/pm' => 'A',
+        //    4-digit year
+        'e' => 'Y',
+        'yyyy' => 'Y',
+        //    2-digit year
+        'yy' => 'y',
+        //    first letter of month - no php equivalent
+        'mmmmm' => 'M',
+        //    full month name
+        'mmmm' => 'F',
+        //    short month name
+        'mmm' => 'M',
+        //    mm is minutes if time, but can also be month w/leading zero
+        //    so we try to identify times be the inclusion of a : separator in the mask
+        //    It isn't perfect, but the best way I know how
+        ':mm' => ':i',
+        'mm:' => 'i:',
+        //    full day of week name
+        'dddd' => 'l',
+        //    short day of week name
+        'ddd' => 'D',
+        //    days leading zero
+        'dd' => 'd',
+        //    days no leading zero
+        'd' => 'j',
+        //    fractional seconds - no php equivalent
+        '.s' => '',
+    ];
+
+    /**
+     * Search/replace values to convert Excel date/time format masks hours to PHP format masks (24 hr clock).
+     */
+    private const DATE_FORMAT_REPLACEMENTS24 = [
+        'hh' => 'H',
+        'h' => 'G',
+        //    month leading zero
+        'mm' => 'm',
+        //    month no leading zero
+        'm' => 'n',
+        //    seconds
+        'ss' => 's',
+    ];
+
+    /**
+     * Search/replace values to convert Excel date/time format masks hours to PHP format masks (12 hr clock).
+     */
+    private const DATE_FORMAT_REPLACEMENTS12 = [
+        'hh' => 'h',
+        'h' => 'g',
+        //    month leading zero
+        'mm' => 'm',
+        //    month no leading zero
+        'm' => 'n',
+        //    seconds
+        'ss' => 's',
+    ];
+
+    private const HOURS_IN_DAY = 24;
+    private const MINUTES_IN_DAY = 60 * self::HOURS_IN_DAY;
+    private const SECONDS_IN_DAY = 60 * self::MINUTES_IN_DAY;
+    private const INTERVAL_PRECISION = 10;
+    private const INTERVAL_LEADING_ZERO = [
+        '[hh]',
+        '[mm]',
+        '[ss]',
+    ];
+    private const INTERVAL_ROUND_PRECISION = [
+        // hours and minutes truncate
+        '[h]' => self::INTERVAL_PRECISION,
+        '[hh]' => self::INTERVAL_PRECISION,
+        '[m]' => self::INTERVAL_PRECISION,
+        '[mm]' => self::INTERVAL_PRECISION,
+        // seconds round
+        '[s]' => 0,
+        '[ss]' => 0,
+    ];
+    private const INTERVAL_MULTIPLIER = [
+        '[h]' => self::HOURS_IN_DAY,
+        '[hh]' => self::HOURS_IN_DAY,
+        '[m]' => self::MINUTES_IN_DAY,
+        '[mm]' => self::MINUTES_IN_DAY,
+        '[s]' => self::SECONDS_IN_DAY,
+        '[ss]' => self::SECONDS_IN_DAY,
+    ];
+
+    private static function tryInterval(bool &$seekingBracket, string &$block, mixed $value, string $format): void
+    {
+        if ($seekingBracket) {
+            if (str_contains($block, $format)) {
+                $hours = (string) (int) round(
+                    self::INTERVAL_MULTIPLIER[$format] * $value,
+                    self::INTERVAL_ROUND_PRECISION[$format]
+                );
+                if (strlen($hours) === 1 && in_array($format, self::INTERVAL_LEADING_ZERO, true)) {
+                    $hours = "0$hours";
+                }
+                $block = str_replace($format, $hours, $block);
+                $seekingBracket = false;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public static function format(mixed $value, string $format): string
+    {
+        // strip off first part containing e.g. [$-F800] or [$USD-409]
+        // general syntax: [$<Currency string>-<language info>]
+        // language info is in hexadecimal
+        // strip off chinese part like [DBNum1][$-804]
+        $format = (string) preg_replace('/^(\[DBNum\d\])*(\[\$[^\]]*\])/i', '', $format);
+
+        // OpenOffice.org uses upper-case number formats, e.g. 'YYYY', convert to lower-case;
+        //    but we don't want to change any quoted strings
+        /** @var callable $callable */
+        $callable = [self::class, 'setLowercaseCallback'];
+        $format = (string) preg_replace_callback('/(?:^|")([^"]*)(?:$|")/', $callable, $format);
+
+        // Only process the non-quoted blocks for date format characters
+
+        $blocks = explode('"', $format);
+        foreach ($blocks as $key => &$block) {
+            if ($key % 2 == 0) {
+                $block = strtr($block, self::DATE_FORMAT_REPLACEMENTS);
+                if (!strpos($block, 'A')) {
+                    // 24-hour time format
+                    // when [h]:mm format, the [h] should replace to the hours of the value * 24
+                    $seekingBracket = true;
+                    self::tryInterval($seekingBracket, $block, $value, '[h]');
+                    self::tryInterval($seekingBracket, $block, $value, '[hh]');
+                    self::tryInterval($seekingBracket, $block, $value, '[mm]');
+                    self::tryInterval($seekingBracket, $block, $value, '[m]');
+                    self::tryInterval($seekingBracket, $block, $value, '[s]');
+                    self::tryInterval($seekingBracket, $block, $value, '[ss]');
+                    $block = strtr($block, self::DATE_FORMAT_REPLACEMENTS24);
+                } else {
+                    // 12-hour time format
+                    $block = strtr($block, self::DATE_FORMAT_REPLACEMENTS12);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        $format = implode('"', $blocks);
+
+        // escape any quoted characters so that DateTime format() will render them correctly
+        /** @var callable $callback */
+        $callback = [self::class, 'escapeQuotesCallback'];
+        $format = (string) preg_replace_callback('/"(.*)"/U', $callback, $format);
+
+        $dateObj = Date::excelToDateTimeObject($value);
+        // If the colon preceding minute had been quoted, as happens in
+        // Excel 2003 XML formats, m will not have been changed to i above.
+        // Change it now.
+        $format = (string) \preg_replace('/\\\\:m/', ':i', $format);
+        $microseconds = (int) $dateObj->format('u');
+        if (str_contains($format, ':s.000')) {
+            $milliseconds = (int) round($microseconds / 1000.0);
+            if ($milliseconds === 1000) {
+                $milliseconds = 0;
+                $dateObj->modify('+1 second');
+            }
+            $dateObj->modify("-$microseconds microseconds");
+            $format = str_replace(':s.000', ':s.' . sprintf('%03d', $milliseconds), $format);
+        } elseif (str_contains($format, ':s.00')) {
+            $centiseconds = (int) round($microseconds / 10000.0);
+            if ($centiseconds === 100) {
+                $centiseconds = 0;
+                $dateObj->modify('+1 second');
+            }
+            $dateObj->modify("-$microseconds microseconds");
+            $format = str_replace(':s.00', ':s.' . sprintf('%02d', $centiseconds), $format);
+        } elseif (str_contains($format, ':s.0')) {
+            $deciseconds = (int) round($microseconds / 100000.0);
+            if ($deciseconds === 10) {
+                $deciseconds = 0;
+                $dateObj->modify('+1 second');
+            }
+            $dateObj->modify("-$microseconds microseconds");
+            $format = str_replace(':s.0', ':s.' . sprintf('%1d', $deciseconds), $format);
+        } else { // no fractional second
+            if ($microseconds >= 500000) {
+                $dateObj->modify('+1 second');
+            }
+            $dateObj->modify("-$microseconds microseconds");
+        }
+
+        return $dateObj->format($format);
+    }
+
+    private static function setLowercaseCallback(array $matches): string
+    {
+        return mb_strtolower($matches[0]);
+    }
+
+    private static function escapeQuotesCallback(array $matches): string
+    {
+        return '\\' . implode('\\', str_split($matches[1]));
+    }
+}

lib/PhpSpreadsheet/Style/NumberFormat/Formatter.php

@@ -0,0 +1,188 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Style\NumberFormat;
+
+use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\Calculation;
+use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Reader\Xls\Color\BIFF8;
+use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\RichText\RichText;
+use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Style\Color;
+use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Style\NumberFormat;
+
+class Formatter extends BaseFormatter
+{
+    /**
+     * Matches any @ symbol that isn't enclosed in quotes.
+     */
+    private const SYMBOL_AT = '/@(?=(?:[^"]*"[^"]*")*[^"]*\Z)/miu';
+
+    /**
+     * Matches any ; symbol that isn't enclosed in quotes, for a "section" split.
+     */
+    private const SECTION_SPLIT = '/;(?=(?:[^"]*"[^"]*")*[^"]*\Z)/miu';
+
+    private static function splitFormatComparison(
+        mixed $value,
+        ?string $condition,
+        mixed $comparisonValue,
+        string $defaultCondition,
+        mixed $defaultComparisonValue
+    ): bool {
+        if (!$condition) {
+            $condition = $defaultCondition;
+            $comparisonValue = $defaultComparisonValue;
+        }
+
+        return match ($condition) {
+            '>' => $value > $comparisonValue,
+            '<' => $value < $comparisonValue,
+            '<=' => $value <= $comparisonValue,
+            '<>' => $value != $comparisonValue,
+            '=' => $value == $comparisonValue,
+            default => $value >= $comparisonValue,
+        };
+    }
+
+    private static function splitFormatForSectionSelection(array $sections, mixed $value): array
+    {
+        // Extract the relevant section depending on whether number is positive, negative, or zero?
+        // Text not supported yet.
+        // Here is how the sections apply to various values in Excel:
+        //   1 section:   [POSITIVE/NEGATIVE/ZERO/TEXT]
+        //   2 sections:  [POSITIVE/ZERO/TEXT] [NEGATIVE]
+        //   3 sections:  [POSITIVE/TEXT] [NEGATIVE] [ZERO]
+        //   4 sections:  [POSITIVE] [NEGATIVE] [ZERO] [TEXT]
+        $sectionCount = count($sections);
+        // Colour could be a named colour, or a numeric index entry in the colour-palette
+        $color_regex = '/\\[(' . implode('|', Color::NAMED_COLORS) . '|color\\s*(\\d+))\\]/mui';
+        $cond_regex = '/\\[(>|>=|<|<=|=|<>)([+-]?\\d+([.]\\d+)?)\\]/';
+        $colors = ['', '', '', '', ''];
+        $conditionOperations = ['', '', '', '', ''];
+        $conditionComparisonValues = [0, 0, 0, 0, 0];
+        for ($idx = 0; $idx < $sectionCount; ++$idx) {
+            if (preg_match($color_regex, $sections[$idx], $matches)) {
+                if (isset($matches[2])) {
+                    $colors[$idx] = '#' . BIFF8::lookup((int) $matches[2] + 7)['rgb'];
+                } else {
+                    $colors[$idx] = $matches[0];
+                }
+                $sections[$idx] = (string) preg_replace($color_regex, '', $sections[$idx]);
+            }
+            if (preg_match($cond_regex, $sections[$idx], $matches)) {
+                $conditionOperations[$idx] = $matches[1];
+                $conditionComparisonValues[$idx] = $matches[2];
+                $sections[$idx] = (string) preg_replace($cond_regex, '', $sections[$idx]);
+            }
+        }
+        $color = $colors[0];
+        $format = $sections[0];
+        $absval = $value;
+        switch ($sectionCount) {
+            case 2:
+                $absval = abs($value);
+                if (!self::splitFormatComparison($value, $conditionOperations[0], $conditionComparisonValues[0], '>=', 0)) {
+                    $color = $colors[1];
+                    $format = $sections[1];
+                }
+
+                break;
+            case 3:
+            case 4:
+                $absval = abs($value);
+                if (!self::splitFormatComparison($value, $conditionOperations[0], $conditionComparisonValues[0], '>', 0)) {
+                    if (self::splitFormatComparison($value, $conditionOperations[1], $conditionComparisonValues[1], '<', 0)) {
+                        $color = $colors[1];
+                        $format = $sections[1];
+                    } else {
+                        $color = $colors[2];
+                        $format = $sections[2];
+                    }
+                }
+
+                break;
+        }
+
+        return [$color, $format, $absval];
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Convert a value in a pre-defined format to a PHP string.
+     *
+     * @param null|bool|float|int|RichText|string $value Value to format
+     * @param string $format Format code: see = self::FORMAT_* for predefined values;
+     *                          or can be any valid MS Excel custom format string
+     * @param ?array $callBack Callback function for additional formatting of string
+     *
+     * @return string Formatted string
+     */
+    public static function toFormattedString($value, string $format, ?array $callBack = null): string
+    {
+        if (is_bool($value)) {
+            return $value ? Calculation::getTRUE() : Calculation::getFALSE();
+        }
+        // For now we do not treat strings in sections, although section 4 of a format code affects strings
+        // Process a single block format code containing @ for text substitution
+        if (preg_match(self::SECTION_SPLIT, $format) === 0 && preg_match(self::SYMBOL_AT, $format) === 1) {
+            return str_replace('"', '', preg_replace(self::SYMBOL_AT, (string) $value, $format) ?? '');
+        }
+
+        // If we have a text value, return it "as is"
+        if (!is_numeric($value)) {
+            return (string) $value;
+        }
+
+        // For 'General' format code, we just pass the value although this is not entirely the way Excel does it,
+        // it seems to round numbers to a total of 10 digits.
+        if (($format === NumberFormat::FORMAT_GENERAL) || ($format === NumberFormat::FORMAT_TEXT)) {
+            return self::adjustSeparators((string) $value);
+        }
+
+        // Ignore square-$-brackets prefix in format string, like "[$-411]ge.m.d", "[$-010419]0%", etc
+        $format = (string) preg_replace('/^\[\$-[^\]]*\]/', '', $format);
+
+        $format = (string) preg_replace_callback(
+            '/(["])(?:(?=(\\\\?))\\2.)*?\\1/u',
+            fn (array $matches): string => str_replace('.', chr(0x00), $matches[0]),
+            $format
+        );
+
+        // Convert any other escaped characters to quoted strings, e.g. (\T to "T")
+        $format = (string) preg_replace('/(\\\(((.)(?!((AM\/PM)|(A\/P))))|([^ ])))(?=(?:[^"]|"[^"]*")*$)/ui', '"${2}"', $format);
+
+        // Get the sections, there can be up to four sections, separated with a semi-colon (but only if not a quoted literal)
+        $sections = preg_split(self::SECTION_SPLIT, $format) ?: [];
+
+        [$colors, $format, $value] = self::splitFormatForSectionSelection($sections, $value);
+
+        // In Excel formats, "_" is used to add spacing,
+        //    The following character indicates the size of the spacing, which we can't do in HTML, so we just use a standard space
+        $format = (string) preg_replace('/_.?/ui', ' ', $format);
+
+        // Let's begin inspecting the format and converting the value to a formatted string
+        if (
+            //  Check for date/time characters (not inside quotes)
+            (preg_match('/(\[\$[A-Z]*-[0-9A-F]*\])*[hmsdy](?=(?:[^"]|"[^"]*")*$)/miu', $format))
+            // A date/time with a decimal time shouldn't have a digit placeholder before the decimal point
+            && (preg_match('/[0\?#]\.(?![^\[]*\])/miu', $format) === 0)
+        ) {
+            // datetime format
+            $value = DateFormatter::format($value, $format);
+        } else {
+            if (str_starts_with($format, '"') && str_ends_with($format, '"') && substr_count($format, '"') === 2) {
+                $value = substr($format, 1, -1);
+            } elseif (preg_match('/[0#, ]%/', $format)) {
+                // % number format - avoid weird '-0' problem
+                $value = PercentageFormatter::format(0 + (float) $value, $format);
+            } else {
+                $value = NumberFormatter::format($value, $format);
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Additional formatting provided by callback function
+        if ($callBack !== null) {
+            [$writerInstance, $function] = $callBack;
+            $value = $writerInstance->$function($value, $colors);
+        }
+
+        return str_replace(chr(0x00), '.', $value);
+    }
+}

lib/PhpSpreadsheet/Style/NumberFormat/FractionFormatter.php

@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Style\NumberFormat;
+
+use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Calculation\MathTrig;
+
+class FractionFormatter extends BaseFormatter
+{
+    public static function format(mixed $value, string $format): string
+    {
+        $format = self::stripQuotes($format);
+        $value = (float) $value;
+        $absValue = abs($value);
+
+        $sign = ($value < 0.0) ? '-' : '';
+
+        $integerPart = floor($absValue);
+
+        $decimalPart = self::getDecimal((string) $absValue);
+        if ($decimalPart === '0') {
+            return "{$sign}{$integerPart}";
+        }
+        $decimalLength = strlen($decimalPart);
+        $decimalDivisor = 10 ** $decimalLength;
+
+        preg_match('/(#?.*\?)\/(\?+|\d+)/', $format, $matches);
+        $formatIntegerPart = $matches[1];
+
+        if (is_numeric($matches[2])) {
+            $fractionDivisor = 100 / (int) $matches[2];
+        } else {
+            /** @var float $fractionDivisor */
+            $fractionDivisor = MathTrig\Gcd::evaluate((int) $decimalPart, $decimalDivisor);
+        }
+
+        $adjustedDecimalPart = (int) round((int) $decimalPart / $fractionDivisor, 0);
+        $adjustedDecimalDivisor = $decimalDivisor / $fractionDivisor;
+
+        if ((str_contains($formatIntegerPart, '0'))) {
+            return "{$sign}{$integerPart} {$adjustedDecimalPart}/{$adjustedDecimalDivisor}";
+        } elseif ((str_contains($formatIntegerPart, '#'))) {
+            if ($integerPart == 0) {
+                return "{$sign}{$adjustedDecimalPart}/{$adjustedDecimalDivisor}";
+            }
+
+            return "{$sign}{$integerPart} {$adjustedDecimalPart}/{$adjustedDecimalDivisor}";
+        } elseif ((str_starts_with($formatIntegerPart, '? ?'))) {
+            if ($integerPart == 0) {
+                $integerPart = '';
+            }
+
+            return "{$sign}{$integerPart} {$adjustedDecimalPart}/{$adjustedDecimalDivisor}";
+        }
+
+        $adjustedDecimalPart += $integerPart * $adjustedDecimalDivisor;
+
+        return "{$sign}{$adjustedDecimalPart}/{$adjustedDecimalDivisor}";
+    }
+
+    private static function getDecimal(string $value): string
+    {
+        $decimalPart = '0';
+        if (preg_match('/^\\d*[.](\\d*[1-9])0*$/', $value, $matches) === 1) {
+            $decimalPart = $matches[1];
+        }
+
+        return $decimalPart;
+    }
+}

lib/PhpSpreadsheet/Style/NumberFormat/NumberFormatter.php

@@ -0,0 +1,311 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Style\NumberFormat;
+
+use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Shared\StringHelper;
+use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Style\NumberFormat;
+
+class NumberFormatter extends BaseFormatter
+{
+    private const NUMBER_REGEX = '/(0+)(\\.?)(0*)/';
+
+    private static function mergeComplexNumberFormatMasks(array $numbers, array $masks): array
+    {
+        $decimalCount = strlen($numbers[1]);
+        $postDecimalMasks = [];
+
+        do {
+            $tempMask = array_pop($masks);
+            if ($tempMask !== null) {
+                $postDecimalMasks[] = $tempMask;
+                $decimalCount -= strlen($tempMask);
+            }
+        } while ($tempMask !== null && $decimalCount > 0);
+
+        return [
+            implode('.', $masks),
+            implode('.', array_reverse($postDecimalMasks)),
+        ];
+    }
+
+    private static function processComplexNumberFormatMask(mixed $number, string $mask): string
+    {
+        /** @var string $result */
+        $result = $number;
+        $maskingBlockCount = preg_match_all('/0+/', $mask, $maskingBlocks, PREG_OFFSET_CAPTURE);
+
+        if ($maskingBlockCount > 1) {
+            $maskingBlocks = array_reverse($maskingBlocks[0]);
+
+            $offset = 0;
+            foreach ($maskingBlocks as $block) {
+                $size = strlen($block[0]);
+                $divisor = 10 ** $size;
+                $offset = $block[1];
+
+                /** @var float $numberFloat */
+                $numberFloat = $number;
+                $blockValue = sprintf("%0{$size}d", fmod($numberFloat, $divisor));
+                $number = floor($numberFloat / $divisor);
+                $mask = substr_replace($mask, $blockValue, $offset, $size);
+            }
+            /** @var string $numberString */
+            $numberString = $number;
+            if ($number > 0) {
+                $mask = substr_replace($mask, $numberString, $offset, 0);
+            }
+            $result = $mask;
+        }
+
+        return self::makeString($result);
+    }
+
+    private static function complexNumberFormatMask(mixed $number, string $mask, bool $splitOnPoint = true): string
+    {
+        /** @var float $numberFloat */
+        $numberFloat = $number;
+        if ($splitOnPoint) {
+            $masks = explode('.', $mask);
+            if (count($masks) <= 2) {
+                $decmask = $masks[1] ?? '';
+                $decpos = substr_count($decmask, '0');
+                $numberFloat = round($numberFloat, $decpos);
+            }
+        }
+        $sign = ($numberFloat < 0.0) ? '-' : '';
+        $number = self::f2s(abs($numberFloat));
+
+        if ($splitOnPoint && str_contains($mask, '.') && str_contains($number, '.')) {
+            $numbers = explode('.', $number);
+            $masks = explode('.', $mask);
+            if (count($masks) > 2) {
+                $masks = self::mergeComplexNumberFormatMasks($numbers, $masks);
+            }
+            $integerPart = self::complexNumberFormatMask($numbers[0], $masks[0], false);
+            $numlen = strlen($numbers[1]);
+            $msklen = strlen($masks[1]);
+            if ($numlen < $msklen) {
+                $numbers[1] .= str_repeat('0', $msklen - $numlen);
+            }
+            $decimalPart = strrev(self::complexNumberFormatMask(strrev($numbers[1]), strrev($masks[1]), false));
+            $decimalPart = substr($decimalPart, 0, $msklen);
+
+            return "{$sign}{$integerPart}.{$decimalPart}";
+        }
+
+        if (strlen($number) < strlen($mask)) {
+            $number = str_repeat('0', strlen($mask) - strlen($number)) . $number;
+        }
+        $result = self::processComplexNumberFormatMask($number, $mask);
+
+        return "{$sign}{$result}";
+    }
+
+    public static function f2s(float $f): string
+    {
+        return self::floatStringConvertScientific((string) $f);
+    }
+
+    public static function floatStringConvertScientific(string $s): string
+    {
+        // convert only normalized form of scientific notation:
+        //  optional sign, single digit 1-9,
+        //    decimal point and digits (allowed to be omitted),
+        //    E (e permitted), optional sign, one or more digits
+        if (preg_match('/^([+-])?([1-9])([.]([0-9]+))?[eE]([+-]?[0-9]+)$/', $s, $matches) === 1) {
+            $exponent = (int) $matches[5];
+            $sign = ($matches[1] === '-') ? '-' : '';
+            if ($exponent >= 0) {
+                $exponentPlus1 = $exponent + 1;
+                $out = $matches[2] . $matches[4];
+                $len = strlen($out);
+                if ($len < $exponentPlus1) {
+                    $out .= str_repeat('0', $exponentPlus1 - $len);
+                }
+                $out = substr($out, 0, $exponentPlus1) . ((strlen($out) === $exponentPlus1) ? '' : ('.' . substr($out, $exponentPlus1)));
+                $s = "$sign$out";
+            } else {
+                $s = $sign . '0.' . str_repeat('0', -$exponent - 1) . $matches[2] . $matches[4];
+            }
+        }
+
+        return $s;
+    }
+
+    private static function formatStraightNumericValue(mixed $value, string $format, array $matches, bool $useThousands): string
+    {
+        /** @var float $valueFloat */
+        $valueFloat = $value;
+        $left = $matches[1];
+        $dec = $matches[2];
+        $right = $matches[3];
+
+        // minimun width of formatted number (including dot)
+        $minWidth = strlen($left) + strlen($dec) + strlen($right);
+        if ($useThousands) {
+            $value = number_format(
+                $valueFloat,
+                strlen($right),
+                StringHelper::getDecimalSeparator(),
+                StringHelper::getThousandsSeparator()
+            );
+
+            return self::pregReplace(self::NUMBER_REGEX, $value, $format);
+        }
+
+        if (preg_match('/[0#]E[+-]0/i', $format)) {
+            //    Scientific format
+            $decimals = strlen($right);
+            $size = $decimals + 3;
+
+            return sprintf("%{$size}.{$decimals}E", $valueFloat);
+        } elseif (preg_match('/0([^\d\.]+)0/', $format) || substr_count($format, '.') > 1) {
+            if ($valueFloat == floor($valueFloat) && substr_count($format, '.') === 1) {
+                $value *= 10 ** strlen(explode('.', $format)[1]);
+            }
+
+            $result = self::complexNumberFormatMask($value, $format);
+            if (str_contains($result, 'E')) {
+                // This is a hack and doesn't match Excel.
+                // It will, at least, be an accurate representation,
+                //  even if formatted incorrectly.
+                // This is needed for absolute values >=1E18.
+                $result = self::f2s($valueFloat);
+            }
+
+            return $result;
+        }
+
+        $sprintf_pattern = "%0$minWidth." . strlen($right) . 'F';
+
+        /** @var float $valueFloat */
+        $valueFloat = $value;
+        $value = self::adjustSeparators(sprintf($sprintf_pattern, round($valueFloat, strlen($right))));
+
+        return self::pregReplace(self::NUMBER_REGEX, $value, $format);
+    }
+
+    public static function format(mixed $value, string $format): string
+    {
+        // The "_" in this string has already been stripped out,
+        // so this test is never true. Furthermore, testing
+        // on Excel shows this format uses Euro symbol, not "EUR".
+        // if ($format === NumberFormat::FORMAT_CURRENCY_EUR_SIMPLE) {
+        //     return 'EUR ' . sprintf('%1.2f', $value);
+        // }
+
+        $baseFormat = $format;
+
+        $useThousands = self::areThousandsRequired($format);
+        $scale = self::scaleThousandsMillions($format);
+
+        if (preg_match('/[#\?0]?.*[#\?0]\/(\?+|\d+|#)/', $format)) {
+            // It's a dirty hack; but replace # and 0 digit placeholders with ?
+            $format = (string) preg_replace('/[#0]+\//', '?/', $format);
+            $format = (string) preg_replace('/\/[#0]+/', '/?', $format);
+            $value = FractionFormatter::format($value, $format);
+        } else {
+            // Handle the number itself
+            // scale number
+            $value = $value / $scale;
+            $paddingPlaceholder = (str_contains($format, '?'));
+
+            // Replace # or ? with 0
+            $format = self::pregReplace('/[\\#\?](?=(?:[^"]*"[^"]*")*[^"]*\Z)/', '0', $format);
+            // Remove locale code [$-###] for an LCID
+            $format = self::pregReplace('/\[\$\-.*\]/', '', $format);
+
+            $n = '/\\[[^\\]]+\\]/';
+            $m = self::pregReplace($n, '', $format);
+
+            // Some non-number strings are quoted, so we'll get rid of the quotes, likewise any positional * symbols
+            $format = self::makeString(str_replace(['"', '*'], '', $format));
+            if (preg_match(self::NUMBER_REGEX, $m, $matches)) {
+                // There are placeholders for digits, so inject digits from the value into the mask
+                $value = self::formatStraightNumericValue($value, $format, $matches, $useThousands);
+                if ($paddingPlaceholder === true) {
+                    $value = self::padValue($value, $baseFormat);
+                }
+            } elseif ($format !== NumberFormat::FORMAT_GENERAL) {
+                // Yes, I know that this is basically just a hack;
+                //      if there's no placeholders for digits, just return the format mask "as is"
+                $value = self::makeString(str_replace('?', '', $format));
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (preg_match('/\[\$(.*)\]/u', $format, $m)) {
+            //  Currency or Accounting
+            $currencyCode = $m[1];
+            [$currencyCode] = explode('-', $currencyCode);
+            if ($currencyCode == '') {
+                $currencyCode = StringHelper::getCurrencyCode();
+            }
+            $value = self::pregReplace('/\[\$([^\]]*)\]/u', $currencyCode, (string) $value);
+        }
+
+        if (
+            (str_contains((string) $value, '0.'))
+            && ((str_contains($baseFormat, '#.')) || (str_contains($baseFormat, '?.')))
+        ) {
+            $value = preg_replace('/(\b)0\.|([^\d])0\./', '${2}.', (string) $value);
+        }
+
+        return (string) $value;
+    }
+
+    private static function makeString(array|string $value): string
+    {
+        return is_array($value) ? '' : "$value";
+    }
+
+    private static function pregReplace(string $pattern, string $replacement, string $subject): string
+    {
+        return self::makeString(preg_replace($pattern, $replacement, $subject) ?? '');
+    }
+
+    public static function padValue(string $value, string $baseFormat): string
+    {
+        /** @phpstan-ignore-next-line */
+        [$preDecimal, $postDecimal] = preg_split('/\.(?=(?:[^"]*"[^"]*")*[^"]*\Z)/miu', $baseFormat . '.?');
+
+        $length = strlen($value);
+        if (str_contains($postDecimal, '?')) {
+            $value = str_pad(rtrim($value, '0. '), $length, ' ', STR_PAD_RIGHT);
+        }
+        if (str_contains($preDecimal, '?')) {
+            $value = str_pad(ltrim($value, '0, '), $length, ' ', STR_PAD_LEFT);
+        }
+
+        return $value;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Find out if we need thousands separator
+     * This is indicated by a comma enclosed by a digit placeholders: #, 0 or ?
+     */
+    public static function areThousandsRequired(string &$format): bool
+    {
+        $useThousands = (bool) preg_match('/([#\?0]),([#\?0])/', $format);
+        if ($useThousands) {
+            $format = self::pregReplace('/([#\?0]),([#\?0])/', '${1}${2}', $format);
+        }
+
+        return $useThousands;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Scale thousands, millions,...
+     * This is indicated by a number of commas after a digit placeholder: #, or 0.0,, or ?,.
+     */
+    public static function scaleThousandsMillions(string &$format): int
+    {
+        $scale = 1; // same as no scale
+        if (preg_match('/(#|0|\?)(,+)/', $format, $matches)) {
+            $scale = 1000 ** strlen($matches[2]);
+            // strip the commas
+            $format = self::pregReplace('/([#\?0]),+/', '${1}', $format);
+        }
+
+        return $scale;
+    }
+}

lib/PhpSpreadsheet/Style/NumberFormat/PercentageFormatter.php

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Style\NumberFormat;
+
+use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Style\NumberFormat;
+
+class PercentageFormatter extends BaseFormatter
+{
+    /** @param float|int $value */
+    public static function format($value, string $format): string
+    {
+        if ($format === NumberFormat::FORMAT_PERCENTAGE) {
+            return round((100 * $value), 0) . '%';
+        }
+
+        $value *= 100;
+        $format = self::stripQuotes($format);
+
+        [, $vDecimals] = explode('.', ((string) $value) . '.');
+        $vDecimalCount = strlen(rtrim($vDecimals, '0'));
+
+        $format = str_replace('%', '%%', $format);
+        $wholePartSize = strlen((string) floor($value));
+        $decimalPartSize = 0;
+        $placeHolders = '';
+        // Number of decimals
+        if (preg_match('/\.([?0]+)/u', $format, $matches)) {
+            $decimalPartSize = strlen($matches[1]);
+            $vMinDecimalCount = strlen(rtrim($matches[1], '?'));
+            $decimalPartSize = min(max($vMinDecimalCount, $vDecimalCount), $decimalPartSize);
+            $placeHolders = str_repeat(' ', strlen($matches[1]) - $decimalPartSize);
+        }
+        // Number of digits to display before the decimal
+        if (preg_match('/([#0,]+)\.?/u', $format, $matches)) {
+            $firstZero = preg_replace('/^[#,]*/', '', $matches[1]) ?? '';
+            $wholePartSize = max($wholePartSize, strlen($firstZero));
+        }
+
+        $wholePartSize += $decimalPartSize + (int) ($decimalPartSize > 0);
+        $replacement = "0{$wholePartSize}.{$decimalPartSize}";
+        $mask = (string) preg_replace('/[#0,]+\.?[?#0,]*/ui', "%{$replacement}F{$placeHolders}", $format);
+
+        /** @var float $valueFloat */
+        $valueFloat = $value;
+
+        return self::adjustSeparators(sprintf($mask, round($valueFloat, $decimalPartSize)));
+    }
+}

lib/PhpSpreadsheet/Style/NumberFormat/Wizard/Accounting.php

@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Style\NumberFormat\Wizard;
+
+use NumberFormatter;
+use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Exception;
+
+class Accounting extends Currency
+{
+    /**
+     * @param string $currencyCode the currency symbol or code to display for this mask
+     * @param int $decimals number of decimal places to display, in the range 0-30
+     * @param bool $thousandsSeparator indicator whether the thousands separator should be used, or not
+     * @param bool $currencySymbolPosition indicates whether the currency symbol comes before or after the value
+     *              Possible values are Currency::LEADING_SYMBOL and Currency::TRAILING_SYMBOL
+     * @param bool $currencySymbolSpacing indicates whether there is spacing between the currency symbol and the value
+     *              Possible values are Currency::SYMBOL_WITH_SPACING and Currency::SYMBOL_WITHOUT_SPACING
+     * @param ?string $locale Set the locale for the currency format; or leave as the default null.
+     *          If provided, Locale values must be a valid formatted locale string (e.g. 'en-GB', 'fr', uz-Arab-AF).
+     *          Note that setting a locale will override any other settings defined in this class
+     *          other than the currency code; or decimals (unless the decimals value is set to 0).
+     *
+     * @throws Exception If a provided locale code is not a valid format
+     */
+    public function __construct(
+        string $currencyCode = '$',
+        int $decimals = 2,
+        bool $thousandsSeparator = true,
+        bool $currencySymbolPosition = self::LEADING_SYMBOL,
+        bool $currencySymbolSpacing = self::SYMBOL_WITHOUT_SPACING,
+        ?string $locale = null,
+        bool $stripLeadingRLM = self::DEFAULT_STRIP_LEADING_RLM
+    ) {
+        $this->setCurrencyCode($currencyCode);
+        $this->setThousandsSeparator($thousandsSeparator);
+        $this->setDecimals($decimals);
+        $this->setCurrencySymbolPosition($currencySymbolPosition);
+        $this->setCurrencySymbolSpacing($currencySymbolSpacing);
+        $this->setLocale($locale);
+        $this->stripLeadingRLM = $stripLeadingRLM;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @throws Exception if the Intl extension and ICU version don't support Accounting formats
+     */
+    protected function getLocaleFormat(): string
+    {
+        if (self::icuVersion() < 53.0) {
+            // @codeCoverageIgnoreStart
+            throw new Exception('The Intl extension does not support Accounting Formats without ICU 53');
+            // @codeCoverageIgnoreEnd
+        }
+
+        // Scrutinizer does not recognize CURRENCY_ACCOUNTING
+        $formatter = new Locale($this->fullLocale, NumberFormatter::CURRENCY_ACCOUNTING);
+        $mask = $formatter->format($this->stripLeadingRLM);
+        if ($this->decimals === 0) {
+            $mask = (string) preg_replace('/\.0+/miu', '', $mask);
+        }
+
+        return str_replace('¤', $this->formatCurrencyCode(), $mask);
+    }
+
+    public static function icuVersion(): float
+    {
+        [$major, $minor] = explode('.', INTL_ICU_VERSION);
+
+        return (float) "{$major}.{$minor}";
+    }
+
+    private function formatCurrencyCode(): string
+    {
+        if ($this->locale === null) {
+            return $this->currencyCode . '*';
+        }
+
+        return "[\${$this->currencyCode}-{$this->locale}]";
+    }
+
+    public function format(): string
+    {
+        if ($this->localeFormat !== null) {
+            return $this->localeFormat;
+        }
+
+        return sprintf(
+            '_-%s%s%s0%s%s%s_-',
+            $this->currencySymbolPosition === self::LEADING_SYMBOL ? $this->formatCurrencyCode() : null,
+            (
+                $this->currencySymbolPosition === self::LEADING_SYMBOL
+                && $this->currencySymbolSpacing === self::SYMBOL_WITH_SPACING
+            ) ? "\u{a0}" : '',
+            $this->thousandsSeparator ? '#,##' : null,
+            $this->decimals > 0 ? '.' . str_repeat('0', $this->decimals) : null,
+            (
+                $this->currencySymbolPosition === self::TRAILING_SYMBOL
+                && $this->currencySymbolSpacing === self::SYMBOL_WITH_SPACING
+            ) ? "\u{a0}" : '',
+            $this->currencySymbolPosition === self::TRAILING_SYMBOL ? $this->formatCurrencyCode() : null
+        );
+    }
+}

lib/PhpSpreadsheet/Style/NumberFormat/Wizard/Currency.php

@@ -0,0 +1,125 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Style\NumberFormat\Wizard;
+
+use NumberFormatter;
+use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Exception;
+
+class Currency extends Number
+{
+    public const LEADING_SYMBOL = true;
+
+    public const TRAILING_SYMBOL = false;
+
+    public const SYMBOL_WITH_SPACING = true;
+
+    public const SYMBOL_WITHOUT_SPACING = false;
+
+    protected string $currencyCode = '$';
+
+    protected bool $currencySymbolPosition = self::LEADING_SYMBOL;
+
+    protected bool $currencySymbolSpacing = self::SYMBOL_WITHOUT_SPACING;
+
+    protected const DEFAULT_STRIP_LEADING_RLM = false;
+
+    protected bool $stripLeadingRLM = self::DEFAULT_STRIP_LEADING_RLM;
+
+    /**
+     * @param string $currencyCode the currency symbol or code to display for this mask
+     * @param int $decimals number of decimal places to display, in the range 0-30
+     * @param bool $thousandsSeparator indicator whether the thousands separator should be used, or not
+     * @param bool $currencySymbolPosition indicates whether the currency symbol comes before or after the value
+     *              Possible values are Currency::LEADING_SYMBOL and Currency::TRAILING_SYMBOL
+     * @param bool $currencySymbolSpacing indicates whether there is spacing between the currency symbol and the value
+     *              Possible values are Currency::SYMBOL_WITH_SPACING and Currency::SYMBOL_WITHOUT_SPACING
+     * @param ?string $locale Set the locale for the currency format; or leave as the default null.
+     *          If provided, Locale values must be a valid formatted locale string (e.g. 'en-GB', 'fr', uz-Arab-AF).
+     *          Note that setting a locale will override any other settings defined in this class
+     *          other than the currency code; or decimals (unless the decimals value is set to 0).
+     * @param bool $stripLeadingRLM remove leading RLM added with
+     *          ICU 72.1+.
+     *
+     * @throws Exception If a provided locale code is not a valid format
+     */
+    public function __construct(
+        string $currencyCode = '$',
+        int $decimals = 2,
+        bool $thousandsSeparator = true,
+        bool $currencySymbolPosition = self::LEADING_SYMBOL,
+        bool $currencySymbolSpacing = self::SYMBOL_WITHOUT_SPACING,
+        ?string $locale = null,
+        bool $stripLeadingRLM = self::DEFAULT_STRIP_LEADING_RLM
+    ) {
+        $this->setCurrencyCode($currencyCode);
+        $this->setThousandsSeparator($thousandsSeparator);
+        $this->setDecimals($decimals);
+        $this->setCurrencySymbolPosition($currencySymbolPosition);
+        $this->setCurrencySymbolSpacing($currencySymbolSpacing);
+        $this->setLocale($locale);
+        $this->stripLeadingRLM = $stripLeadingRLM;
+    }
+
+    public function setCurrencyCode(string $currencyCode): void
+    {
+        $this->currencyCode = $currencyCode;
+    }
+
+    public function setCurrencySymbolPosition(bool $currencySymbolPosition = self::LEADING_SYMBOL): void
+    {
+        $this->currencySymbolPosition = $currencySymbolPosition;
+    }
+
+    public function setCurrencySymbolSpacing(bool $currencySymbolSpacing = self::SYMBOL_WITHOUT_SPACING): void
+    {
+        $this->currencySymbolSpacing = $currencySymbolSpacing;
+    }
+
+    public function setStripLeadingRLM(bool $stripLeadingRLM): void
+    {
+        $this->stripLeadingRLM = $stripLeadingRLM;
+    }
+
+    protected function getLocaleFormat(): string
+    {
+        $formatter = new Locale($this->fullLocale, NumberFormatter::CURRENCY);
+        $mask = $formatter->format($this->stripLeadingRLM);
+        if ($this->decimals === 0) {
+            $mask = (string) preg_replace('/\.0+/miu', '', $mask);
+        }
+
+        return str_replace('¤', $this->formatCurrencyCode(), $mask);
+    }
+
+    private function formatCurrencyCode(): string
+    {
+        if ($this->locale === null) {
+            return $this->currencyCode;
+        }
+
+        return "[\${$this->currencyCode}-{$this->locale}]";
+    }
+
+    public function format(): string
+    {
+        if ($this->localeFormat !== null) {
+            return $this->localeFormat;
+        }
+
+        return sprintf(
+            '%s%s%s0%s%s%s',
+            $this->currencySymbolPosition === self::LEADING_SYMBOL ? $this->formatCurrencyCode() : null,
+            (
+                $this->currencySymbolPosition === self::LEADING_SYMBOL
+                && $this->currencySymbolSpacing === self::SYMBOL_WITH_SPACING
+            ) ? "\u{a0}" : '',
+            $this->thousandsSeparator ? '#,##' : null,
+            $this->decimals > 0 ? '.' . str_repeat('0', $this->decimals) : null,
+            (
+                $this->currencySymbolPosition === self::TRAILING_SYMBOL
+                && $this->currencySymbolSpacing === self::SYMBOL_WITH_SPACING
+            ) ? "\u{a0}" : '',
+            $this->currencySymbolPosition === self::TRAILING_SYMBOL ? $this->formatCurrencyCode() : null
+        );
+    }
+}

lib/PhpSpreadsheet/Style/NumberFormat/Wizard/Date.php

@@ -0,0 +1,125 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Style\NumberFormat\Wizard;
+
+class Date extends DateTimeWizard
+{
+    /**
+     * Year (4 digits), e.g. 2023.
+     */
+    public const YEAR_FULL = 'yyyy';
+
+    /**
+     * Year (last 2 digits), e.g. 23.
+     */
+    public const YEAR_SHORT = 'yy';
+
+    public const MONTH_FIRST_LETTER = 'mmmmm';
+    /**
+     * Month name, long form, e.g. January.
+     */
+    public const MONTH_NAME_FULL = 'mmmm';
+    /**
+     * Month name, short form, e.g. Jan.
+     */
+    public const MONTH_NAME_SHORT = 'mmm';
+    /**
+     * Month number with a leading zero if required, e.g. 01.
+     */
+    public const MONTH_NUMBER_LONG = 'mm';
+
+    /**
+     * Month number without a leading zero, e.g. 1.
+     */
+    public const MONTH_NUMBER_SHORT = 'm';
+
+    /**
+     * Day of the week, full form, e.g. Tuesday.
+     */
+    public const WEEKDAY_NAME_LONG = 'dddd';
+
+    /**
+     * Day of the week, short form, e.g. Tue.
+     */
+    public const WEEKDAY_NAME_SHORT = 'ddd';
+
+    /**
+     * Day number with a leading zero, e.g. 03.
+     */
+    public const DAY_NUMBER_LONG = 'dd';
+
+    /**
+     * Day number without a leading zero, e.g. 3.
+     */
+    public const DAY_NUMBER_SHORT = 'd';
+
+    protected const DATE_BLOCKS = [
+        self::YEAR_FULL,
+        self::YEAR_SHORT,
+        self::MONTH_FIRST_LETTER,
+        self::MONTH_NAME_FULL,
+        self::MONTH_NAME_SHORT,
+        self::MONTH_NUMBER_LONG,
+        self::MONTH_NUMBER_SHORT,
+        self::WEEKDAY_NAME_LONG,
+        self::WEEKDAY_NAME_SHORT,
+        self::DAY_NUMBER_LONG,
+        self::DAY_NUMBER_SHORT,
+    ];
+
+    public const SEPARATOR_DASH = '-';
+    public const SEPARATOR_DOT = '.';
+    public const SEPARATOR_SLASH = '/';
+    public const SEPARATOR_SPACE_NONBREAKING = "\u{a0}";
+    public const SEPARATOR_SPACE = ' ';
+
+    protected const DATE_DEFAULT = [
+        self::YEAR_FULL,
+        self::MONTH_NUMBER_LONG,
+        self::DAY_NUMBER_LONG,
+    ];
+
+    /**
+     * @var string[]
+     */
+    protected array $separators;
+
+    /**
+     * @var string[]
+     */
+    protected array $formatBlocks;
+
+    /**
+     * @param null|string|string[] $separators
+     *        If you want to use the same separator for all format blocks, then it can be passed as a string literal;
+     *           if you wish to use different separators, then they should be passed as an array.
+     *        If you want to use only a single format block, then pass a null as the separator argument
+     */
+    public function __construct($separators = self::SEPARATOR_DASH, string ...$formatBlocks)
+    {
+        $separators ??= self::SEPARATOR_DASH;
+        $formatBlocks = (count($formatBlocks) === 0) ? self::DATE_DEFAULT : $formatBlocks;
+
+        $this->separators = $this->padSeparatorArray(
+            is_array($separators) ? $separators : [$separators],
+            count($formatBlocks) - 1
+        );
+        $this->formatBlocks = array_map([$this, 'mapFormatBlocks'], $formatBlocks);
+    }
+
+    private function mapFormatBlocks(string $value): string
+    {
+        // Any date masking codes are returned as lower case values
+        if (in_array(mb_strtolower($value), self::DATE_BLOCKS, true)) {
+            return mb_strtolower($value);
+        }
+
+        // Wrap any string literals in quotes, so that they're clearly defined as string literals
+        return $this->wrapLiteral($value);
+    }
+
+    public function format(): string
+    {
+        return implode('', array_map([$this, 'intersperse'], $this->formatBlocks, $this->separators));
+    }
+}

lib/PhpSpreadsheet/Style/NumberFormat/Wizard/DateTime.php

@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Style\NumberFormat\Wizard;
+
+class DateTime extends DateTimeWizard
+{
+    /**
+     * @var string[]
+     */
+    protected array $separators;
+
+    /**
+     * @var array<DateTimeWizard|string>
+     */
+    protected array $formatBlocks;
+
+    /**
+     * @param null|string|string[] $separators
+     *          If you want to use only a single format block, then pass a null as the separator argument
+     * @param DateTimeWizard|string ...$formatBlocks
+     */
+    public function __construct($separators, ...$formatBlocks)
+    {
+        $this->separators = $this->padSeparatorArray(
+            is_array($separators) ? $separators : [$separators],
+            count($formatBlocks) - 1
+        );
+        $this->formatBlocks = array_map([$this, 'mapFormatBlocks'], $formatBlocks);
+    }
+
+    private function mapFormatBlocks(DateTimeWizard|string $value): string
+    {
+        // Any date masking codes are returned as lower case values
+        if (is_object($value)) {
+            // We can't explicitly test for Stringable until PHP >= 8.0
+            return $value;
+        }
+
+        // Wrap any string literals in quotes, so that they're clearly defined as string literals
+        return $this->wrapLiteral($value);
+    }
+
+    public function format(): string
+    {
+        return implode('', array_map([$this, 'intersperse'], $this->formatBlocks, $this->separators));
+    }
+}

lib/PhpSpreadsheet/Style/NumberFormat/Wizard/DateTimeWizard.php

@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Style\NumberFormat\Wizard;
+
+use Stringable;
+
+abstract class DateTimeWizard implements Stringable, Wizard
+{
+    protected const NO_ESCAPING_NEEDED = "$+-/():!^&'~{}<>= ";
+
+    protected function padSeparatorArray(array $separators, int $count): array
+    {
+        $lastSeparator = array_pop($separators);
+
+        return $separators + array_fill(0, $count, $lastSeparator);
+    }
+
+    protected function escapeSingleCharacter(string $value): string
+    {
+        if (str_contains(self::NO_ESCAPING_NEEDED, $value)) {
+            return $value;
+        }
+
+        return "\\{$value}";
+    }
+
+    protected function wrapLiteral(string $value): string
+    {
+        if (mb_strlen($value, 'UTF-8') === 1) {
+            return $this->escapeSingleCharacter($value);
+        }
+
+        // Wrap any other string literals in quotes, so that they're clearly defined as string literals
+        return '"' . str_replace('"', '""', $value) . '"';
+    }
+
+    protected function intersperse(string $formatBlock, ?string $separator): string
+    {
+        return "{$formatBlock}{$separator}";
+    }
+
+    public function __toString(): string
+    {
+        return $this->format();
+    }
+}

lib/PhpSpreadsheet/Style/NumberFormat/Wizard/Duration.php

@@ -0,0 +1,153 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Style\NumberFormat\Wizard;
+
+class Duration extends DateTimeWizard
+{
+    public const DAYS_DURATION = 'd';
+
+    /**
+     * Hours as a duration (can exceed 24), e.g. 29.
+     */
+    public const HOURS_DURATION = '[h]';
+
+    /**
+     * Hours without a leading zero, e.g. 9.
+     */
+    public const HOURS_SHORT = 'h';
+
+    /**
+     * Hours with a leading zero, e.g. 09.
+     */
+    public const HOURS_LONG = 'hh';
+
+    /**
+     * Minutes as a duration (can exceed 60), e.g. 109.
+     */
+    public const MINUTES_DURATION = '[m]';
+
+    /**
+     * Minutes without a leading zero, e.g. 5.
+     */
+    public const MINUTES_SHORT = 'm';
+
+    /**
+     * Minutes with a leading zero, e.g. 05.
+     */
+    public const MINUTES_LONG = 'mm';
+
+    /**
+     * Seconds as a duration (can exceed 60), e.g. 129.
+     */
+    public const SECONDS_DURATION = '[s]';
+
+    /**
+     * Seconds without a leading zero, e.g. 2.
+     */
+    public const SECONDS_SHORT = 's';
+
+    /**
+     * Seconds with a leading zero, e.g. 02.
+     */
+    public const SECONDS_LONG = 'ss';
+
+    protected const DURATION_BLOCKS = [
+        self::DAYS_DURATION,
+        self::HOURS_DURATION,
+        self::HOURS_LONG,
+        self::HOURS_SHORT,
+        self::MINUTES_DURATION,
+        self::MINUTES_LONG,
+        self::MINUTES_SHORT,
+        self::SECONDS_DURATION,
+        self::SECONDS_LONG,
+        self::SECONDS_SHORT,
+    ];
+
+    protected const DURATION_MASKS = [
+        self::DAYS_DURATION => self::DAYS_DURATION,
+        self::HOURS_DURATION => self::HOURS_SHORT,
+        self::MINUTES_DURATION => self::MINUTES_LONG,
+        self::SECONDS_DURATION => self::SECONDS_LONG,
+    ];
+
+    protected const DURATION_DEFAULTS = [
+        self::HOURS_LONG => self::HOURS_DURATION,
+        self::HOURS_SHORT => self::HOURS_DURATION,
+        self::MINUTES_LONG => self::MINUTES_DURATION,
+        self::MINUTES_SHORT => self::MINUTES_DURATION,
+        self::SECONDS_LONG => self::SECONDS_DURATION,
+        self::SECONDS_SHORT => self::SECONDS_DURATION,
+    ];
+
+    public const SEPARATOR_COLON = ':';
+    public const SEPARATOR_SPACE_NONBREAKING = "\u{a0}";
+    public const SEPARATOR_SPACE = ' ';
+
+    public const DURATION_DEFAULT = [
+        self::HOURS_DURATION,
+        self::MINUTES_LONG,
+        self::SECONDS_LONG,
+    ];
+
+    /**
+     * @var string[]
+     */
+    protected array $separators;
+
+    /**
+     * @var string[]
+     */
+    protected array $formatBlocks;
+
+    protected bool $durationIsSet = false;
+
+    /**
+     * @param null|string|string[] $separators
+     *        If you want to use the same separator for all format blocks, then it can be passed as a string literal;
+     *           if you wish to use different separators, then they should be passed as an array.
+     *        If you want to use only a single format block, then pass a null as the separator argument
+     */
+    public function __construct($separators = self::SEPARATOR_COLON, string ...$formatBlocks)
+    {
+        $separators ??= self::SEPARATOR_COLON;
+        $formatBlocks = (count($formatBlocks) === 0) ? self::DURATION_DEFAULT : $formatBlocks;
+
+        $this->separators = $this->padSeparatorArray(
+            is_array($separators) ? $separators : [$separators],
+            count($formatBlocks) - 1
+        );
+        $this->formatBlocks = array_map([$this, 'mapFormatBlocks'], $formatBlocks);
+
+        if ($this->durationIsSet === false) {
+            // We need at least one duration mask, so if none has been set we change the first mask element
+            //    to a duration.
+            $this->formatBlocks[0] = self::DURATION_DEFAULTS[mb_strtolower($this->formatBlocks[0])];
+        }
+    }
+
+    private function mapFormatBlocks(string $value): string
+    {
+        // Any duration masking codes are returned as lower case values
+        if (in_array(mb_strtolower($value), self::DURATION_BLOCKS, true)) {
+            if (array_key_exists(mb_strtolower($value), self::DURATION_MASKS)) {
+                if ($this->durationIsSet) {
+                    // We should only have a single duration mask, the first defined in the mask set,
+                    //    so convert any additional duration masks to standard time masks.
+                    $value = self::DURATION_MASKS[mb_strtolower($value)];
+                }
+                $this->durationIsSet = true;
+            }
+
+            return mb_strtolower($value);
+        }
+
+        // Wrap any string literals in quotes, so that they're clearly defined as string literals
+        return $this->wrapLiteral($value);
+    }
+
+    public function format(): string
+    {
+        return implode('', array_map([$this, 'intersperse'], $this->formatBlocks, $this->separators));
+    }
+}

lib/PhpSpreadsheet/Style/NumberFormat/Wizard/Locale.php

@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Style\NumberFormat\Wizard;
+
+use NumberFormatter;
+use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Exception;
+
+final class Locale
+{
+    /**
+     * Language code: ISO-639 2 character, alpha.
+     * Optional script code: ISO-15924 4 alpha.
+     * Optional country code: ISO-3166-1, 2 character alpha.
+     * Separated by underscores or dashes.
+     */
+    public const STRUCTURE = '/^(?P<language>[a-z]{2})([-_](?P<script>[a-z]{4}))?([-_](?P<country>[a-z]{2}))?$/i';
+
+    private NumberFormatter $formatter;
+
+    public function __construct(?string $locale, int $style)
+    {
+        if (class_exists(NumberFormatter::class) === false) {
+            throw new Exception();
+        }
+
+        $formatterLocale = str_replace('-', '_', $locale ?? '');
+        $this->formatter = new NumberFormatter($formatterLocale, $style);
+        if ($this->formatter->getLocale() !== $formatterLocale) {
+            throw new Exception("Unable to read locale data for '{$locale}'");
+        }
+    }
+
+    public function format(bool $stripRlm = true): string
+    {
+        $str = $this->formatter->getPattern();
+
+        return ($stripRlm && str_starts_with($str, "\xe2\x80\x8f")) ? substr($str, 3) : $str;
+    }
+}

lib/PhpSpreadsheet/Style/NumberFormat/Wizard/Number.php

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Style\NumberFormat\Wizard;
+
+use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Exception;
+
+class Number extends NumberBase implements Wizard
+{
+    public const WITH_THOUSANDS_SEPARATOR = true;
+
+    public const WITHOUT_THOUSANDS_SEPARATOR = false;
+
+    protected bool $thousandsSeparator = true;
+
+    /**
+     * @param int $decimals number of decimal places to display, in the range 0-30
+     * @param bool $thousandsSeparator indicator whether the thousands separator should be used, or not
+     * @param ?string $locale Set the locale for the number format; or leave as the default null.
+     *          Locale has no effect for Number Format values, and is retained here only for compatibility
+     *              with the other Wizards.
+     *          If provided, Locale values must be a valid formatted locale string (e.g. 'en-GB', 'fr', uz-Arab-AF).
+     *
+     * @throws Exception If a provided locale code is not a valid format
+     */
+    public function __construct(
+        int $decimals = 2,
+        bool $thousandsSeparator = self::WITH_THOUSANDS_SEPARATOR,
+        ?string $locale = null
+    ) {
+        $this->setDecimals($decimals);
+        $this->setThousandsSeparator($thousandsSeparator);
+        $this->setLocale($locale);
+    }
+
+    public function setThousandsSeparator(bool $thousandsSeparator = self::WITH_THOUSANDS_SEPARATOR): void
+    {
+        $this->thousandsSeparator = $thousandsSeparator;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * As MS Excel cannot easily handle Lakh, which is the only locale-specific Number format variant,
+     *       we don't use locale with Numbers.
+     */
+    protected function getLocaleFormat(): string
+    {
+        return $this->format();
+    }
+
+    public function format(): string
+    {
+        return sprintf(
+            '%s0%s',
+            $this->thousandsSeparator ? '#,##' : null,
+            $this->decimals > 0 ? '.' . str_repeat('0', $this->decimals) : null
+        );
+    }
+}

lib/PhpSpreadsheet/Style/NumberFormat/Wizard/NumberBase.php

@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Style\NumberFormat\Wizard;
+
+use NumberFormatter;
+use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Exception;
+use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Style\NumberFormat;
+use Stringable;
+
+abstract class NumberBase implements Stringable
+{
+    protected const MAX_DECIMALS = 30;
+
+    protected int $decimals = 2;
+
+    protected ?string $locale = null;
+
+    protected ?string $fullLocale = null;
+
+    protected ?string $localeFormat = null;
+
+    public function setDecimals(int $decimals = 2): void
+    {
+        $this->decimals = ($decimals > self::MAX_DECIMALS) ? self::MAX_DECIMALS : max($decimals, 0);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Setting a locale will override any settings defined in this class.
+     *
+     * @throws Exception If the locale code is not a valid format
+     */
+    public function setLocale(?string $locale = null): void
+    {
+        if ($locale === null) {
+            $this->localeFormat = $this->locale = $this->fullLocale = null;
+
+            return;
+        }
+
+        $this->locale = $this->validateLocale($locale);
+
+        if (class_exists(NumberFormatter::class)) {
+            $this->localeFormat = $this->getLocaleFormat();
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Stub: should be implemented as a concrete method in concrete wizards.
+     */
+    abstract protected function getLocaleFormat(): string;
+
+    /**
+     * @throws Exception If the locale code is not a valid format
+     */
+    private function validateLocale(string $locale): string
+    {
+        if (preg_match(Locale::STRUCTURE, $locale, $matches, PREG_UNMATCHED_AS_NULL) !== 1) {
+            throw new Exception("Invalid locale code '{$locale}'");
+        }
+
+        ['language' => $language, 'script' => $script, 'country' => $country] = $matches;
+        // Set case and separator to match standardised locale case
+        $language = strtolower($language ?? '');
+        $script = ($script === null) ? null : ucfirst(strtolower($script));
+        $country = ($country === null) ? null : strtoupper($country);
+
+        $this->fullLocale = implode('-', array_filter([$language, $script, $country]));
+
+        return $country === null ? $language : "{$language}-{$country}";
+    }
+
+    public function format(): string
+    {
+        return NumberFormat::FORMAT_GENERAL;
+    }
+
+    public function __toString(): string
+    {
+        return $this->format();
+    }
+}

lib/PhpSpreadsheet/Style/NumberFormat/Wizard/Percentage.php

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Style\NumberFormat\Wizard;
+
+use NumberFormatter;
+use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Exception;
+
+class Percentage extends NumberBase implements Wizard
+{
+    /**
+     * @param int $decimals number of decimal places to display, in the range 0-30
+     * @param ?string $locale Set the locale for the percentage format; or leave as the default null.
+     *          If provided, Locale values must be a valid formatted locale string (e.g. 'en-GB', 'fr', uz-Arab-AF).
+     *
+     * @throws Exception If a provided locale code is not a valid format
+     */
+    public function __construct(int $decimals = 2, ?string $locale = null)
+    {
+        $this->setDecimals($decimals);
+        $this->setLocale($locale);
+    }
+
+    protected function getLocaleFormat(): string
+    {
+        $formatter = new Locale($this->fullLocale, NumberFormatter::PERCENT);
+
+        return $this->decimals > 0
+            ? str_replace('0', '0.' . str_repeat('0', $this->decimals), $formatter->format())
+            : $formatter->format();
+    }
+
+    public function format(): string
+    {
+        if ($this->localeFormat !== null) {
+            return $this->localeFormat;
+        }
+
+        return sprintf('0%s%%', $this->decimals > 0 ? '.' . str_repeat('0', $this->decimals) : null);
+    }
+}

lib/PhpSpreadsheet/Style/NumberFormat/Wizard/Scientific.php

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Style\NumberFormat\Wizard;
+
+use PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Exception;
+
+class Scientific extends NumberBase implements Wizard
+{
+    /**
+     * @param int $decimals number of decimal places to display, in the range 0-30
+     * @param ?string $locale Set the locale for the scientific format; or leave as the default null.
+     *          Locale has no effect for Scientific Format values, and is retained here for compatibility
+     *              with the other Wizards.
+     *          If provided, Locale values must be a valid formatted locale string (e.g. 'en-GB', 'fr', uz-Arab-AF).
+     *
+     * @throws Exception If a provided locale code is not a valid format
+     */
+    public function __construct(int $decimals = 2, ?string $locale = null)
+    {
+        $this->setDecimals($decimals);
+        $this->setLocale($locale);
+    }
+
+    protected function getLocaleFormat(): string
+    {
+        return $this->format();
+    }
+
+    public function format(): string
+    {
+        return sprintf('0%sE+00', $this->decimals > 0 ? '.' . str_repeat('0', $this->decimals) : null);
+    }
+}

lib/PhpSpreadsheet/Style/NumberFormat/Wizard/Time.php

@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Style\NumberFormat\Wizard;
+
+class Time extends DateTimeWizard
+{
+    /**
+     * Hours without a leading zero, e.g. 9.
+     */
+    public const HOURS_SHORT = 'h';
+
+    /**
+     * Hours with a leading zero, e.g. 09.
+     */
+    public const HOURS_LONG = 'hh';
+
+    /**
+     * Minutes without a leading zero, e.g. 5.
+     */
+    public const MINUTES_SHORT = 'm';
+
+    /**
+     * Minutes with a leading zero, e.g. 05.
+     */
+    public const MINUTES_LONG = 'mm';
+
+    /**
+     * Seconds without a leading zero, e.g. 2.
+     */
+    public const SECONDS_SHORT = 's';
+
+    /**
+     * Seconds with a leading zero, e.g. 02.
+     */
+    public const SECONDS_LONG = 'ss';
+
+    public const MORNING_AFTERNOON = 'AM/PM';
+
+    protected const TIME_BLOCKS = [
+        self::HOURS_LONG,
+        self::HOURS_SHORT,
+        self::MINUTES_LONG,
+        self::MINUTES_SHORT,
+        self::SECONDS_LONG,
+        self::SECONDS_SHORT,
+        self::MORNING_AFTERNOON,
+    ];
+
+    public const SEPARATOR_COLON = ':';
+    public const SEPARATOR_SPACE_NONBREAKING = "\u{a0}";
+    public const SEPARATOR_SPACE = ' ';
+
+    protected const TIME_DEFAULT = [
+        self::HOURS_LONG,
+        self::MINUTES_LONG,
+        self::SECONDS_LONG,
+    ];
+
+    /**
+     * @var string[]
+     */
+    protected array $separators;
+
+    /**
+     * @var string[]
+     */
+    protected array $formatBlocks;
+
+    /**
+     * @param null|string|string[] $separators
+     *        If you want to use the same separator for all format blocks, then it can be passed as a string literal;
+     *           if you wish to use different separators, then they should be passed as an array.
+     *        If you want to use only a single format block, then pass a null as the separator argument
+     */
+    public function __construct($separators = self::SEPARATOR_COLON, string ...$formatBlocks)
+    {
+        $separators ??= self::SEPARATOR_COLON;
+        $formatBlocks = (count($formatBlocks) === 0) ? self::TIME_DEFAULT : $formatBlocks;
+
+        $this->separators = $this->padSeparatorArray(
+            is_array($separators) ? $separators : [$separators],
+            count($formatBlocks) - 1
+        );
+        $this->formatBlocks = array_map([$this, 'mapFormatBlocks'], $formatBlocks);
+    }
+
+    private function mapFormatBlocks(string $value): string
+    {
+        // Any date masking codes are returned as lower case values
+        //     except for AM/PM, which is set to uppercase
+        if (in_array(mb_strtolower($value), self::TIME_BLOCKS, true)) {
+            return mb_strtolower($value);
+        } elseif (mb_strtoupper($value) === self::MORNING_AFTERNOON) {
+            return mb_strtoupper($value);
+        }
+
+        // Wrap any string literals in quotes, so that they're clearly defined as string literals
+        return $this->wrapLiteral($value);
+    }
+
+    public function format(): string
+    {
+        return implode('', array_map([$this, 'intersperse'], $this->formatBlocks, $this->separators));
+    }
+}

lib/PhpSpreadsheet/Style/NumberFormat/Wizard/Wizard.php

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace PhpOffice\PhpSpreadsheet\Style\NumberFormat\Wizard;
+
+interface Wizard
+{
+    public function format(): string;
+}